Europe is facing multiple and increasingly interconnected challenges affecting its physical living environment, as highlighted by the ESPON VREPO project. Climate-related risks, such as flooding, heat stress and drought, emerged as the most critical risks across all five stakeholder regions: Flanders (Belgium), Région Sud – Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (France), Lithuania (national level), Enschede (municipality, the Netherlands), and the Southern Regional Council of Malta (Malta), while geopolitical risks were consistently identified as growing threats. 

By combining territorial analysis, stakeholder engagement and policy assessment, ESPON VREPO provides concrete guidance for participating regions and a reference framework for policymakers across Europe at different geographical levels. This is supported by the development of individual, tailor-made reports for each stakeholder territory, fully integrating their specific risks, governance settings and territorial profiles, and contributing to stronger territorial resilience, preparedness and sustainable recovery in the current European context.