Population ageing raises common challenges for cities: to adapt their environments physically and socially, so that older people’s quality of life remains unaffected. This challenge has become even more
A transition towards a circular economy does not happen by itself; it needs to be supported and encouraged by policy and planning. Regions and cities are recognised to be well positioned to carry out the
Polycentric territorial patterns encourage more balanced development between regions and more co-operative urban-rural relationships. Critical economic mass is created by combining the efforts of urban
This is a supportive page of our ESPON publication "Territorial Evidence for the Future of Europe". You can download it at the end of this pageShrinking Rural Places Policy Brief - Shrinking rural